Pronouns

Personal pronouns - object form

Personal pronouns have two forms in Norwegian, subject and object form.

Quizlet

Verbs

Auxiliary verbs + infinitive

Auxiliary verbs like:

are followed by the infinitive (without the infinitive marker å in front):

Skal + infinitive is often used to express future time:

Imperative form

The imperative form of the verb is made by removing the infinitive -e from the infinitive:

When the infinitive form is short (consists of only one syllable) the infinitive and the imperative form is the same:

Nouns

In Chapter 1 we presented the indefinite articles en, ei and et which indicate the gender of the noun (cf.a/an). Norwegian is unusual in that the definite article, i.e the, is formed by adding -en at the end of masculine words, -a at the end of feminine words and -et at the end of neuter words.

If the noun already ends with an -e, you just add the -n and the -t at the end of masculine and neuter words. When adding -a at the end of feminine words ending in -e, you drop the -e:

Plural forms

The plural of indefinite nouns is normally formed by adding -(e)r. If the singular indefinite form ends in -e, you only add -r:

Exceptions

Short (one syllable) et-words take no ending in the indefinite form plural:

In the definite form of the plural, the ending is usually -(e)ne:

Question words

Hvilken (which)

There are several question words in Norwegian. Hvilken (which) is in general used to single out one object among many. This question word agrees with the noun's gender and number:

Word order

As mentioned in Chapter 1 the verb is the second element when the person(s) is carrying out the action:

The verb is also the second element when the sentence starts e.g. with words for time or place:

Note that we by verb mean finite verb when describing word order. A finite verb is a verb in present or past tense (preterite). In the following examples the finite verb (the auxiliary verbs vil and skal) is placed in the second position of the sentences while the main verb comes later.