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NoW

  • Introduction
    • About NoW1
    • Table of contents
    • Norwegian
    • Downloads
    • Hardcopies
  • Chapter 1
    • Ken
    • Anna
    • Maria
    • Peter
    • Grammar
    • Pronunciation
    • Listen and repeat
    • Exercises
    • Vocabulary
    • Extras
  • Chapter 2
    • Ken
    • Anna
    • Maria
    • Peter
    • D Desta på Gjøvik
    • Grammar
    • Pronunciation
    • Listen and repeat
    • Exercises
    • Vocabulary
    • Extras
  • Chapter 3
    • Ken
    • Anna
    • Maria
    • Peter
    • Y Yuhang i Ålesund
    • Grammar
    • Pronunciation
    • Listen and repeat
    • Exercises
    • Vocabulary
    • Extras
  • Chapter 4
    • Ken
    • Anna
    • Maria
    • Peter
    • D Desta handler
    • Grammar
    • Pronunciation
    • Listen and repeat
    • Exercises
    • Vocabulary
    • Extras
  • Chapter 5
    • Ken
    • Anna
    • Maria
    • Peter
    • Y Essay
    • Grammar
    • Pronunciation
    • Listen and repeat
    • Exercises
    • Vocabulary
    • Extras
  • Chapter 6
    • Ken
    • Anna
    • Maria
    • Peter
    • Grammar
    • Pronunciation
    • Listen and repeat
    • Exercises
    • Vocabulary
    • Extras
  • 7
    • A Family
    • B Spare time
    • D Lunsjpause
    • Grammar
    • Pronunciation
    • Listening exercises
    • Exercises
    • Vocabulary
    • Extras
  • 8
    • A Trip to Oppdal
    • B Peter is ill
    • Y På hyttetur
    • Grammar
    • Pronunciation
    • Listening exercises
    • Exercises
    • Vocabulary
    • Extras
  • 9
    • A The office
    • B Conference
    • Grammar
    • Pronunciation
    • Listening exercises
    • Exercises
    • Vocabulary
    • Extras
  • 10
    • A A trip to Oslo
    • B Christmas in Norway
    • Grammar
    • Pronunciation
    • Listening exercises
    • Exercises
    • Vocabulary
    • Extras
  • Vocabulary
    • Tables
    • List (a - å)
  1. Chapter 1
  2. Grammar

1 Grammar NoW

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  • Ken
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Grammar Chapter 1

Grammar Chapter 1


Pronouns

VIDEO

Personal pronouns - subject form

jeg I
du you (singular)
han he
hun she
det/den  it
vi we
dere you (plural)
de they


Quizlet


Verbs

Verbs in the present tense
You add –r to the infinitive to form the present tense:

Infinitive   Present tense
å komme  to come  →  kommer
å reise to travel  → reiser


It does not matter who is carrying out the verb. You add –r to the infinitive form of the verb after all pronouns: I, you, he, she, it, we, you and they:

Jeg kommer fra England.
I come from England
Anna kommer fra Italia.
Anna comes from Italy.
Vi kommer fra Norge.
We come from Norway.


Note that some verbs have irregular present tense forms:

Infinitive   Present tense
å være to be  →  er
å gjøre  to do  →  gjør

Nouns

Norwegian nouns have three genders: masculine, feminine and
neuter. The indefinite articles are en (masculine), ei (feminine) and
et (neuter). The corresponding indefinite articles in English are a/an.

Masculine en brus  a soda
Feminine ei jente a girl
Neuter et kart a map


(Feminine nouns can have the article en instead of ei: ei/en jente.)

Leaving out en/ei/et

When stating certain situations you can leave out en/ei/et:

Ken reiser med tog.
Ken travels by train.


The same applies e.g. for occupations:

Jeg er student.
I am a student.

Conjunctions

VIDEO

The conjunctions og (and) and men (but) connect sentences:

Jeg heter Anna, og jeg kommer fra Italia.
My name is Anna, and I come from Italy.
Jeg snakker italiensk, men jeg snakker ikke tysk.
I speak Italian, but I do not speak German.

Question words

The most common question words are:

hva what
hvem who
hvor where (how)
hvordan how
Examples:
Hva heter du? What is your name?
Hvem er det? Who is it?
Hvor bor du? Where do you live?
Hvor gammel er du?  How old are you?
Hvordan går det? How are you?

Word order

Main clauses (sentences)

In a main clause the verb is the second element:

Jeg snakker norsk.
I speak Norwegian.


Negation

In a narrative clause the negation ikke (not), which is an adverb, usually comes after the verb:

Jeg snakker ikke spansk.
I do not speak Spanish.


Other adverbs like også (also/too) come after the verb as well:

Jeg snakker også spansk.
I also speak Spanish.


Questions

In questions with question words the verb is also the second element:

Hva heter du?
What is your name?
Hvor kommer du fra?
Where do you come from?


In questions without a question word the sentence starts with the verb:

Snakker du norsk?
Do you speak Norwegian?

Nationalities


Countries 
Nationalities 
(adjectives)

Languages
Norge norsk norsk
England engelsk engelsk
Italia italiensk italiensk
Spania spansk spansk
USA amerikansk (amerikansk) engelsk
Tyskland tysk tysk
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