Course content

Core Topics: Polarization and coherence. Dielectric function/tensor-linear optics of solids. Thin film optics. Optics of small particles: Mie theory and plasmonics. Experimental work, modelling and design of spectroscopic, polarimetric and imaging systems.

Selectable module topics for round table discussions: Nonlinear susceptibility and nonlinear Optics and applications of short laser pulses. Vibrational spectroscopy (Raman, FTIR) and Photoluminescence in solids. THz Technology: Instrumentation and applications. Metasurface technology (Fourier Optics and diffractive optics). Computational Electro-Magnetics applications to plasmonics, photonic crystals or MS technology. Wave-optics approach to imaging and aberrations. Optical Periodic multilayers: Photonic crystals/Optical Filters-Bragg filters, modes. Nanomanufacturing in optics (Nanolab). Waveguides and Optical fibers for spectroscopy and sensors. Eye and laser safety. Optics and sustainability. PhotoVoltaics and ThermoPhotovotaics. Radiometry and climate models.

Details: The physics of the interaction of light with materials, advanced polarization description of light, classical thin film optics modelling and introduction to Computational Electro-Magnetics (CEM). Overview of linear and non-linear state of the art spectroscopy and imaging methods in material science and bio-optics. Practical hands-on introduction to spectroscopic ellipsometry and modelling of optical properties of complex materials structures (e.g. multilayer stacks such as solar cells, quantum wells, antireflection coatings etc). - Jones formalism and description of fully polarized light, with emphasis on the more general Stokes-Mueller formalism, depolarization and partially polarized light and methods for analysis of the Mueller matrix, and the application to analyzing/designing polarization sensitive spectroscopy and imaging methods, such as e.g. the spectroscopic ellipsometer. - Linear optics, with an introduction to nonlinear optics. Luminescence and fluorescence. The physics behind the dielectric function. Functional properties of solar cells, lasers, LEDs. Quantum mechanical models for optical absorption and the dielectric function. Practical dispersion models for phonons, rotational spectroscopy, free carrier response, and electronic band to band absorption of amorphous and crystalline media. - Temporal and spatial coherence. FTIR and OCT techniques. - Formalism for modelling the optical response from plane isotropic, anisotropic, electro-magnetic, and bi-anisotropic layers: The airy formulas and the 2x2 Abeles transfer matrix theory for isotropic materials, and the 4x4 Berreman transfer matrix theory for anisotropic electro-magnetic and bi-anisotropic materials. Chirality, the Faraday effect and the Kerr effect. Magnetic materials and artificial meta-materials. Optical coatings. Bragg mirrors. Photonic crystals. - Modelling of spherical and spheroidal particles (Mie theory). The quasi-static approximation. - Nano-plasmonics and applications and effective medium theories (electromagnetic mixing theories) in relation to inhomogeneous materials through effective medium theories of granular media (including nanostructures). - Modelling, excitation and applications of Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPPs) and Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances (LSPR) (including discussion of CEM methods versus quasi-static models). - Meta-materials and a discussion of selected applications. Models for artificial chirality and artificial magnetism. - Periodic structures such as photonic crystals, diffraction gratings, diffractive optics, and metasurfaces. The Rigorous Coupled Wave Analysis method. - Introduction to dielectric waveguides (laboratory). - Introduction to the modelling of random surfaces and surface roughness. - Introduction to the modelling and design of meta-surfaces and applications. - Introduction to non-linear optics and spectroscopy, the nonlinear optical susceptibility tensor, and concepts in super-resolution imaging using non-linear spectroscopy.

Learning outcome

Develop experimental, analytical and numerical skills in optics and optical physics. Enable ability to apply analytical and numerical models, and to explore changes in the polarization state of light in applications. Understand models for coherence in interference experiments and its applications. Outline and apply models of classical thin film optics, classical optics of particles (including dielectric and plasmonic) and apply to selected application areas including photovoltaics and radiometry.

Gain understanding of linear optical properties of materials and knowledge of methods for optical spectroscopy and applications in the frequency range THz to photon energies of 25 eV. Describe diffraction limited resolution in imaging optics and spectroscopy and account for super-resolution solutions. Notions of luminescence and Raman spectroscopy, non-linear optics (and spectroscopy) and the application of ultrashort laser pulses. Enable to discuss the use of nanostructures in optics, computational modelling strategies, and discuss a future role of meta-surfaces, metamaterials, plasmonics and nano-optics in optics applications.

Learning methods and activities

Lectures, round table discussions and presentations, problem solving, compulsory digital and experimental lab-work. Expected workload in the course is 225 hours.

Compulsory assignments

• Works
• Lab Exercise

Recommended previous knowledge

TFY4195 and TFY4240, or similar.

Course materials

Lecture notes AND course literature based on e-books available through the NTNU library, and handouts. A special compendium can be ordered on request.

Credit reductions